Thermodynamics of Fluids Under Flow

Based on the authors successful theory for extended irreversible thermodynamics, the book analyzes the thermodynamic aspects of several phenomena induced by the flow in fluid systems. The book analyzes the thermodynamic aspects of several phenomena induced by flow in fluid systems. It begins with a macroscopic formulation of the thermodynamic theory, within the framework of extended irreversible thermodynamics, and compares it with other non-equilibrium approaches. These macroscopic results are examined from a microscopic point of view for different systems, namely, ideal gases, non-ideal gases and dilute polymer solutions. The thermodynamic approach is applied to the analysis of shear-induced changes in the phase diagram of polymer solutions, to shear-induced diffusion and to chemical reactions under flow. It is also compared with the dynamical approach based on the detailed evolution equations. The book may be especially useful for researchers in non-equilibrium thermodynamics or non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and in polymer physics or materials sciences.

From the contents: Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics and Rheology.- Ideal Gases.- Non-ideal Fluids.- Polymeric Solutions.- Non-equilibrium Chemical Potential and Shear-Induced Effects.- Comparison Between Thermodynamical and Dynamical Approaches.- Thermodynamic Couplings Between Flow and Diffusion.- Chemical Reactions Under Flow.- Concluding Remarks and Perspectives.- Appendices: A. Survey of Experimental Information.- B. Liquid Crystals.- C. Summary of Vector and Tensor Notation.- D. Useful Integrals in the Kinetic Theory of Gases.- E. Some Physical Constants.- Subject Index.