Contents: An Overview of HIV/AIDS Epidemic in India * The Human Immunodeficiency Viruses * Immunopathogenesis of HIV/AIDS * Immune Response to HIV Infection * Natural History of HIV/AIDS * Clinical Manifestations of HIV Infection * Skin and Mucocutaneous Manifestations of HIV/AIDS * HIV Infection and other Sexually Transmitted Infections * Laboratory Diagnosis of HIV Infection * Approach to an HIV Positive Patient * Care and Support for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS * Management of Opportunistic Infections in AIDS * Tuberculosis and HIV Co-Infection * Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection * Monitoring Immune Functions in HIV Infected Persons * Monitoring Viral Load and Drug Resistance in HIV Infected Persons * Home Based Care of HIV Infected Persons * Women and HIV/AIDS * HIV Infection in Infants and Children, including Indian Scenario * HIV Infection: Mother to Child Transmission * Prevention of Progression of HIV Infection in India * Biosafety Practices to contain blood Borne Infections in Health Care Personnel * Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) following Exposure to HIV * HIV/AIDS Counselling * Voluntary Confidential Counselling and HIV Testing * Legal and Ethical Issues of HIV/AIDS * HIV Vaccine: Current Status