Hidden hunger has long been an overlooked problem. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies have to be remedied and the availability of calories needs to be increased. As a matter of fact, the number of people who do not have access to a balanced diet has multiplied in rich and poor countries, with lasting consequences for health and well-being. Hidden hunger not only affects childhood growth and cognitive development, but also reduces productivity and well-being later in life, thus keeping the affected population trapped in a circle of poverty and malnutrition. This book illustrates the global fight against hunger by national governments and international organizations. Presented at the Third Hidden Hunger Conference held at the University of Hohenheim in Stuttgart,
Lectures, Parties, and Nobel Prizes: living and researching at the Basel Institute for Immunology By the early seventies of the 20th century, the Basel Institute for Immunology had become one of the largest - and certainly the most prominent - immunology institutes in the world. Its lean structure was highly successful, and the quality of the research and its reputation remained outstandingly high throughout the three decades it existed. This book describes the institute's history from its conception and the laying of the foundation stone in 1969 by the pharmaceutical company Roche to the triumph of three Nobel Prizes (1984 and 1987) for Niels K. Jerne, Georges Koehler and Susumu Tonegawa. Can all this be portrayed to make the layman understand it and the scientist
Past studies revealed that HIV infection may implicate diverse cardiac diseases such as cardiomyopathy, coronary heart disease, cardiac neoplasms, endocarditis or pericarditis. In addition, it was found that highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) often causes - as an adverse effect - a metabolic syndrome characterized by lipodystrophy/lipoatrophy, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, leading to an increase in coronary artery disease and stroke. This book focuses on the most recent findings in HIV-associated heart disease and HAART-associated metabolic and cardiovascular complications. In a first part, the epidemiology, pathogenesis and molecular biology of HIV-associated cardiovascular disease, pulmonary hypertension, lipodystrophy and HAART-associated metabolic
The first identification of a tumor-causing virus, Rous sarcoma virus, occurred almost 100 years ago, but it was not until the 1970s that the genetic basis for oncogenesis by this and other acutely transforming retroviruses was appreciated. Since then, numerous viral oncogenes and their corresponding cellular proto-oncogene counterparts have been identified, and these studies have contributed much to our understanding of crucially important aspects of cell biology and transformation. This book provides an up-to-date overview of the 6 major viruses that cause human cancers - HPV, HBV, HCV, EBV, KSHV and HTLV-1 - with respect to their molecular biology and epidemiology and to clinical aspects of disease, therapy and prevention. Contributed by over a dozen internationally
Human milk contains all of the essential nutrients and other functional components thought to have short- and long-term neonatal health benefits, such as positive biological effects on growth, metabolism, cognition, and immunity. This publication brings together the world's experts who touch on the spectrum of current knowledge, from the history and mechanics of breastfeeding, its physiological and clinical effects, to the new surprises revealed by metabolomics and comparative biology. One of the key points made is that human milk is not only a source of essential nutrients, but also contains a variety of bioactive substances. These include essential microbes, long-chain fatty acids, complex oligosaccharides, nucleotides, and bioactive signaling proteins and
As recent advances in immunosuppression and apheresis techniques have opened new avenues for the management of humoral immunity, interest in ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation has been renewed. Moreover, new screening techniques - such as the single antigen bead assay - allow for the detection and definition of very low levels of alloantibody, which has had a positive impact on the treatment possibilities in highly sensitized adult patients with end-stage renal disease. But despite these advances, a theoretical rationale is still missing for both the decision to transplant a sensitized patient and the classification of the transplant as low, medium or high risk. There is also no uniform approach with regard to pre-transplant desensitization protocols, and it is
Hyperandrogenism profoundly affects women's lives from lowering self-esteem to changing cognition and affective motivation. The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common androgen excess disorder worldwide. While it is not the focus of this book, some aspects are discussed. The aim of this book is to improve understanding of androgen excess and its impact on several conditions. Topics include development of adipose tissue in females, insulin sensitivity, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and Cushing's disease/syndrome. There is also a discussion of PCOS with emphasis on in utero origins and specific genetic and epigenetic factors. This book provides a wealth of relevant information for every endocrinologist and gynecologist who wants to broaden their
In most published literature hypopharyngeal cancer is discussed in combination with larynx cancer. This volume is dedicated exclusively to hypopharyngeal cancer. It is a compilation by recognized head and neck oncology experts, who have extracted from published literature and from their own clinical practice, an up-to-date review and commentary on the management of hypopharyngeal cancer. All aspects of hypopharyngeal cancer have been reviewed. They include epidemiology, diagnosis, staging of disease, laser and robotic surgery, chemoradiotherapy, rehabilitation, options of treatment in health care restricted communities, supportive care, and future perspectives. The publication addresses head and neck clinicians and surgeons as well as radiologists, pathologists,
Revolutionary changes in medical imaging have enormously improved the ability to detect structural and functional organ alterations early. Imaging is becoming an essential tool - in association with hormonal assays - for the diagnosis and management of endocrine disorders. New contrast media and their application to ultrasounds, as well as the opportunity to merge images acquired by functional/metabolic and traditional techniques, allow characterization of key features of identified lesions. Some radiological techniques such as ultrasonography, CT, and MRI are now available in operating rooms, thus supporting a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to endocrine diseases. In this new book, distinguished experts have contributed concise and well-illustrated chapters to
Innovations and Frontiers in Neonatology provides up-to-date information for clinicians and scientists interested in perinatal medicine. Neonatal transition, neonatal medicine from a global perspective, aspects of care including nutrition, respiratory and temperature management, resuscitation, family-centered approaches, and problems of the term newborn are covered as are complications and long-term consequences of preterm birth. Should we ventilate and how? What are the lifelong consequences of being born too small? How can we protect the neonatal brain? Can we actively influence the microbiome? Can we achieve individualized medicine with the help of metabolomics, for example? Are stem cells the miracle cure? These are just a few of the questions that world experts
Aggressive surgical removal is generally considered the main initial management option for most intracranial gliomas. It often results in resolution or alleviation of neurological symptoms and signs, normalizes intracranial pressure, facilitates characterization of the neoplasm, creates optimal conditions for adjuvant therapy and neurorehabilitation, and leads to prolongation of progression free and overall survival of patients. Leading experts in neurosurgical oncology have contributed to this volume, highlighting modern principles of surgery for both newly diagnosed and recurrent intracranial gliomas in adult as well as pediatric patients. The first of a three-volume set, it details epidemiological aspects, defines the importance of preoperative imaging, and
Treatment of patients with intracranial gliomas, especially high-grade neoplasms, usually requires postoperative adjuvant therapy. Significant progress in the understanding of tumor biology, technological advances in irradiation delivery, and development of novel antitumor drugs have led to an expansion of the therapeutic arsenal in neuro-oncology. This publication provides a unique review of the various options for adjuvant therapy. Special emphasis is on current evidence-based treatment standards and guidelines, and on perspectives of further improvement in long-term outcomes. Chapters review the histopathological and molecular features of gliomas and describe basic principles and clinical results of fractionated radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery,
At present most intracranial gliomas are considered incurable with current treatment strategies, and the search for new modalities that may effectively control tumor growth continues. The chapters in this volume describe basic principles and therapeutic possibilities of several innovative techniques, including photodynamic therapy, laser-induced interstitial thermotherapy, stereotactic cryodestruction, high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation, boron neutron capture therapy, proton and carbon ion irradiation, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, local chemotherapy, and alternating electric fields therapy. Potential applications of extracellular vesicles and nanotechnology for management of gliomas are highlighted as well. Many of these methods have already
Albeit a very common symptom in dermatology, internal medicine, psychosomatics, neurology, and even oncology, itching was under-researched up until 15 years ago. Since then, the clinical aspects of acute and chronic itch have been examined extensively. As a result, some books on the topic have become available. Whereas most publications focus on experimental aspects and diagnostics, this volume of the series 'Current Problems in Dermatology' provides a comprehensive overview regarding the management of chronic itch. Select authors consider interdisciplinary aspects as well as age, body region, and specific diseases as they present a great variety of available treatments. All physicians with patients suffering from itch - especially dermatologists, general
In recent years, the knowledge of how renal damage occurs in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias / myeloma has substantially increased. For the first time, this publication brings together issues relating to the diagnosis and pathogenesis of these disorders, as well as a summary of advances achieved in the treatment and management of patients. Several chapters are devoted to various glomerulopathies associated with deposition of immunoglobulin light and heavy chains, including those associated with amyloidosis. The sequential events are pointed out, crucial steps and key molecules open to modulation or control are delineated, and therapeutic advances are highlighted. Although the emphasis is on the management of cases with renal involvement, a distinct focus on the
Ist Kuhmilch für Kinder geeignet? Gefährdet Zucker die Gesundheit? Was ist Baby-led Weaning? Diese Fragen stellen sich alle, die vor der Herausforderung stehen, Kinder gesund und richtig zu ernähren. Das Buch "Kinderernährung?-Expertenwissen für den Alltag" gibt fundierte und teilweise überraschende Antworten. Es beschreibt die Ernährung in den ersten Lebensjahren, zeigt die Wirkungen von Zucker und Milch auf und informiert über Unverträglichkeiten und Allergien. Es geht auch auf besondere Ernährungsformen wie z.B. glutenfreie oder vegane Ernährung ein und erklärt frühkindliche Ess- und Fütterstörungen. Praktische Tipps, viele Rezepte und hochwertige Fotos ergänzen die einzelnen Kapitel und machen das Buch zu einem wichtigen Begleiter auf dem Weg zu einer
Leptospirosis is the most common zoonotic disease worldwide, involving at least 1 million patients annually. Kidney is the preferential colonization site where Leptospira accumulates during systemic infection, primarily in the interstitium and in renal tubule epithelial cells. In acute kidney injury (AKI), the main histological findings are acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis and acute tubular necrosis, characterized by hypokalemia and non-oliguria. The injury caused by leptospira outer membrane protein components involves innate immunity Toll-like receptor pathways and activation of complement and immune cascades in the kidney, together with extracellular matrix accumulation when the kidney infection progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Significantly, recent
Physicians and biologists from different backgrounds have contributed to this volume which provides a unique state-of-the-art approach to all aspects of Lyme borreliosis. From the biology of the transmitting tick to the most up-to-date serologic testing methods, all aspects are discussed. The first part of the book offers comprehensive and authoritative reviews on Lyme borreliosis and its vector. The second part answers frequently asked questions, for example 'What should one do in case of a tick bite?' or 'How do I manage tick bites and Lyme borreliosis in pregnant women?' All specialists who are involved in the care of patients with Lyme borreliosis - such as physicians, general practitioners, internists, paediatricians, dermatologists, neurologists, rheumatologists,
Epithelial defense against infectious agents relies on the recognition of microbial products by pattern recognition receptors and the local production of antimicrobial peptides. This book provides a state-of-the-art overview of the basic characteristics and clinical relevance of antimicrobial peptides, with special emphasis on their role in skin, intestinal and lung inflammation. The evolutionary significance of antimicrobial peptides is highlighted by an in-depth analysis of their structure, activity and gene regulation in Drosophila melanogaster. Toll-like receptors are an important class of pattern recognition receptors, whose roles in recognizing bacterial molecular patterns and in the intracellular signalling pathways involved in the differentiation and function
Contrary to popular belief, there is no such thing as one Mediterranean diet: This geographic region includes several nations with varied cultures, traditions, incomes and dietary habits, resulting in a wide variation of dietary patterns. The present volume focuses on the latest research data from basic science and clinical intervention studies that indicate that a balanced ratio of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids and a high antioxidant intake from fruits and vegetables, along with olive oil, contribute to a lower rate of heart disease and increased longevity. These benefits are especially pronounced in the population of Crete, indicating that this diet is particularly healthy. Moreover, descriptions of the diets of Greece, Italy, Spain and the Maghreb are given for
Autor:C. Ronco
N. A. Hoenich
P. Delfino
P. M. Ghezzi
Data wydania:2003
The database contained on this interactive CD-ROM brings together a wealth of information which is unique in this form. Put together by renowned authorities, it catalogues the most recent data on the membranes and filters currently on the market: each year, there will be a completely revised and updated version. The CD-ROM offers various possibilities: 1. Users can search for filters with certain properties, entering information such as membrane material, sterilization type, surface area, ultrafiltration coefficient or producers. Search criteria can be modified throughout, thus giving an opportunity to refine the search at every step. Once the search process has been completed, a list of those hemodialyzers will appear which match the search criteria, providing an
Despite the fact that the prevalence of obesity in early childhood has been stable and is no longer increasing in many developed and industrialized countries, the incidence of both obesity and full-blown metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents is still very high. Obesity is a major disease burden in all societies and needs to be prevented early in life. New approaches are eagerly sought and absolutely necessary. This book presents a comprehensive and state-of-the-art summary of current and new knowledge in this critical field. Crucial issues such as nutrition and genetics are described in detail. In addition, new ideas such as e-health and the consequences of urban living conditions are explored. Last but not least, modern treatment concepts and prevention
Solutions of stroma-free hemoglobin have been investigated for their potential as blood replacement fluids for more than 70 years. Despite many attempts to overcome their unwanted side effects through chemical modification of the hemoglobin molecule, none of the potential solutions has been approved for clinical use in Europe or the United States. In recent years, the vasoconstrictive activity of hemoglobin in the plasma was identified as the pivotal problem of hemoglobin-based blood substitutes, compromising nutritional perfusion and thus impeding oxygen unloading at the site of the microcirculation. One of the prevailing assumptions is that the precapillary vasoconstriction and the ensuing tissue underperfusion is caused by the high affinity of free hemoglobin for
